Dec 7, 2022
Video OER - Pharmacology Cardiac Interactive
In this video, we go over cardiac physiology to help lay the foundation for our case study in the next episode.
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In this episode, we continue our dive into Cardiac System pharmacology. You can find all the cardiac episodes here at https://www.memorizingpharm.com/oer6
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Auto Generated Transcript:
Welcome to the Memorizing Pharmacology Podcast. I’m Tony Guerra, pharmacist and author of the Memorizing Pharmacology book series, bringing you mnemonics, cases, and advice for succeeding in Pharmacology. Sign up for the email list at memorizingfarm.com to get your free suffixes cheat sheet or find our mobile friendly self-paced online pharmacology review course at residency.teachable.com forward slash P forward slash mobile. Let’s get started with the show.
Okay, welcome to the Memorizing Pharmacology Podcast. We’re going to be doing another cardiac section here so we’re going to have another interactive activity and we’re going to just answer a couple of multiple choice questions again really understanding the anatomy is is key and to some extent the physiology to you know succeeding in Pharmacology so we’re going to start with this question normal sinus rhythm is controlled by the and the easiest thing to do really in your head is to say well what order does this go in and the first thing is at the SA node then we go to the AV node then to the bundle of hiss and then the purkinje fibers so normal sinus rhythm though by the sinal atrial node the SA node and again the s in sa the S and sine is hopefully that helps you remember we can check to make sure it’s right and we see that yep SA node is correct okay let’s go on to question number two.
A severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction many of you would get it just from that one but I want to talk a little bit about the word and how sometimes being able to break down the word into its Latin and Greek can help you out. It can occur within seconds or minutes of exposure to something that you’re allergic to such as peanuts or bee stings and some of you may have heard this is an allergic reaction or very severe allergic reaction but it has a word and it’s anaphylaxis and if you look at the word phylaxis this p-h-y-l-a-x that comes from the word Phalanx so if you’ve ever seen the movie 300 where they put all the shields together that’s a Phalanx and so an anaphylaxis is putting that Phalanx together to protect the body so what anaphylaxis is doing well it’s this very scary closing of the airway and all of that it’s actually meant to close off the airway to protect your body by shielding it from whatever’s happening Anna just means again so it’s really again guarding is is what it is okay all right let’s move on to number three.
A bluish or purplish discoloration as of skin due to deficient oxygenation of the blood and so this is the key, the bluish skin, and it’s a condition of so those of you that know medical terminology you’re like blue okay what is blue in medical terminology okay that would be cyan and then what is a condition of that would be osis so you put together a condition of having blue and then that would be cyanosis process that the Oli level where blood is oxygenated and carbon dioxide, the waste product of cellular respiration, is removed from the body okay so what we’re looking for is what’s the word here that’s going to help us out okay so blood is oxygenated and carbon dioxide, the waste product of cellular respiration, is removed.
And this is an exchange what we’re basically doing is we’re trading oxygen for carbon dioxide and so this would be a gas exchange. The oxygen is the first gas carbon dioxide is the second yep gas exchanges it. A deficiency of color especially of the face paleness, and that word paleness really gives it away because there’s a word that’s a synonym for paleness or this deficiency of color, and that is yeah pallor p-a-l-l-o-r so p-a-l and then we just had an l-o-r to make pallor all right.
An effect that is opposite to what is expected, an effect that is opposite to what is expected, and again we’re using kind of our medical terminology kind of our Greek and Latin an effect that is opposite to what is expected, is going to be paradoxical. And when you break down para actually means contrary to, doxical is an opinion so it’s contrary to popular opinion of what should happen so you have seen this word para especially where you talk about entero versus para enteral so or parenteral so you’ve seen enteral where you give a GI.
And then parenteral is actually outside of GI system or contrary GI system okay maybe we don’t talk that way but whole idea breaking down these words understanding okay contrary opinion all right paradoxical effect but then we would want have example what paradoxical effect well something like diphenhydramine which Benadryl expect see some drowsiness paradoxical effect would excitement happens about third children take diphenhydramine really don’t recommend any means young children so when you see paradoxical effect you can think of you know kid bouncing off walls because Benadryl doing opposite what was hoped which would make them drowsy instead it’s not making them drowsy and taking care of their allergies but making them very excited okay number seven.
The total number of breaths or respiratory cycles that occur each minute okay so when we’re talking about total number and we’re talking about respiratory that would be respiratory and then per minute would be a respiratory rate okay a respiratory rate and then number eight okay so matter is expectorated from the respiratory system and especially the lungs that is composed of mucus but may contain pus blood fibrin and microorganisms such as bacteria and disease States so when we think of an expectorant we think okay what’s an expectorant supposed to do what’s it dealing with and that is dealing with sputum okay sputum.
So then we would think well what is an expectorant I’d say okay well when we’re talking about Mucinex DM or dextromethorphan and we’re talking about the other ingredient which is guaifenesin that would be the expectorant so sometimes we get confused between Mucinex DM which is expectorant guaifenesin and dextromethorphine antitussive or cough suppressant and Mucinex by itself which would just affect the sputum as an expectorant same thing with Robitussin and Robitussin DM Robitussin is just the expectorant and Robitussin DM includes the antitussive which is dextromethorphan so again check out if you’re on the email list I’ve already sent you the PDF otherwise you can find it as an attachment on the memorizing Farm website okay well uh we’ll go next time we’re going to do a case study where we’re going to look at someone who needs to use a peak flow meter to assess their level of asthma asthma and then we’ll kind of move on from there from respiratory to our next section.
Thanks for listening to the Memorizing Pharmacology Podcast. You can find episodes cheat sheets and more at memorizingfarm.com again. You can sign up for the email list at memorizingfarm.com to get your free suffixes cheat sheet or find our mobile friendly self-paced online pharmacology review course at residency.teachable.com forward slash P forward slash mobile. Thanks again for listening!
Like to learn more?
Find my book here: https://geni.us/iA22iZ
and subscribe to my YouTube Channel TonyPharmD here: https://www.youtube.com/c/tonypharmd
Here is the Link to my Pharmacy Residency Courses: residency.teachable.com